@conference {75872,
	title = {BRIEF COMMUNICATION: Voluntary food intake of pregnant and non-pregnant red deer hinds during the gestating period},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {71},
	year = {2011},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {53-55},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	address = {Invercargill},
	abstract = {Efficient venison production systems rely on maximum growth of deer calves before their first winter. This is facilitated by an early conception in March for an October/November calving so that the nutritional demands of lactating hinds and their offspring are better aligned with pasture growth and quality under New Zealand lowland farming conditions. However, Scott et al. (2008) have...},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Scott IC and Barrell GK and Asher GW and Yuan JV}
}
@conference {69499,
	title = {Effect of litter weight variation on cause of death and survival in triplet lambs},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {70},
	year = {2010},
	month = {Jun},
	pages = {175-179},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	address = {Palmerston North},
	abstract = {Triplet litter weight variation and association with lamb death and ewe age was investigated. Litter weight percentage for each lamb was calculated (PLWT). The mean and standard deviation of PLWT were used to rank lambs as Light (<Mean - 1 standard deviation unit (SD)), Medium (Mean +/- 1 SD) or Heavy (>Mean + 1 SD). Average probability of viability at birth and death by dystocia or starvation exposure changed with weight rank. Viability at birth was Light 89.3\%, Confidence interval (CI) 87.5\% - 90.8\%; Medium 95.6\%, CI 95.1\% - 96.1\%; Heavy 98.0\%, CI 97.4\% - 98.5\%, (P <0.001). Death due to dystocia was Light 8.9\%, CI 7.2\% - 10.8\%; Medium 3.4\%, CI 2.9\% - 4.0\%; Heavy 2.1\%, CI 1.6\% - 2.8\%, (P <0.001). Death from starvation exposure was Light 5.9\%, CI 4.8\% - 7.4\%; Medium 3.7\%, CI 3.0\% - 4.5\%; Heavy 1.3\%, CI 0.8\% - 2.1\%, (P <0.01). Ewe litter weight variation (EwePLVar) was calculated as weight range divided by total litter weight. Older ewes had less EwePLVar than two-year-old ewes (P <0.01). EwePLVar and average litter weight (AveLWT) affected litter survival (EwePLVar at birth, (P <0.001), birth to Day 3 (P <0.01). Average litter weight at birth (P <0.05), birth to Day 3 (P <0.01) and Day 3 to weaning (P <0.001)).},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Mathias-Davis HC and Yuan JV and Everett-Hincks JM}
}
@conference {69480,
	title = {Yearling lambing performance and primary cause of lamb death},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {70},
	year = {2010},
	month = {Jun},
	pages = {96-100},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	address = {Palmerston North},
	abstract = {As a result of increasing on-farm costs, farmers are aiming to increase the number of saleable lambs by lambing yearling ewes. This study investigated lamb survival rates in lambs born to yearlings from birth to three days of age. Data were collected from six recorded flocks in 2007 and 2008, involving 880 yearling ewes giving birth to 557 single and 756 twin lambs. All lambs were weighed at birth and at weaning. Lambs that died within the first three days of life were subject to post-mortem to determine the primary cause of death. Mean lamb survival to three days of age was 80\% and survival to weaning was 72\%. There were significantly less twin lambs born alive, than single lambs (90\%, CI 88\% - 92\%, cf. 95\%, CI 93\% - 96\%, P <0.05). Twin lambs had a higher death rate due to starvation/exposure, (6.3\%, CI 5.3\% - 7.4\% cf. 2.8\%, CI 2\% - 3.8\%, P <0.05) than single lambs. Dystocia did not differ significantly between single and twin lambs (6\% cf. 10\% respectively; P >0.05). Mortality in the first few days after birth is higher in yearlings than in flock ewes and  higher in twins than singles.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Young EA and Yuan JV and Everett-Hincks JM}
}
