@conference {40785,
	title = {Faecal nematode egg counts and facial eczema susceptibility in Romneys},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {56},
	year = {1996},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {84-86},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {A study was carried out in two groups of flocks to estimate the  relationship between susceptibility to facial eczema (FE) and susceptibility  to nematode parasites. Faecal egg count (FEC) data on lambs born in 1989- 92 from 53 sire groups were collected on the Ruakura Romney flocks which  have been divergently selected for resistance/susceptibility to FE. In  addition, the Romney flocks selected at Rotomahana/Tokanui Stations for  resistance/susceptibility to FEC were sampled to provide the converse (i.e.  FE data) on lambs born in 1988 and 1989, and representing 43 sires. Faecal  samples for FEC were collected from lambs in January and March  (separated by an anthelmintic treatment) and the FEC data were analysed  using a loge transformation. FE susceptibilities, using the enzyme gamma- glutamyltransferase (GGT) as an indicator, were obtained in the FE flocks at  Ruakura after an oral sporidesmin challenge in May, and in the FEC flocks  at Tokanui after unintentional field challenge; the GGT data were also  analysed using a loge transformation. The weighted average heritabilities of  loge GGT and loge (FEC+100) were 0.44},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Morris CA and Towers NR and Watson TG and Wheeler M and Amyes NC and Hosking BC}
}
@conference {40713,
	title = {Effect of control of internal parasitism on productivity of Merino breeding ewes},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {55},
	year = {1995},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {205-208},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Sumner RMW and Watson TG and Hosking BC}
}
@conference {40712,
	title = {Faecal nematode egg counts and haematology in Perendale ewes near lambing},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {55},
	year = {1995},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {202-204},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Watson TG and Hosking BC and Morris CA and Hurford AP}
}
@conference {40499,
	title = {Establishment of resistance to Haemonchus contortus by Saanen kids},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {53},
	year = {1993},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {243-246},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {Four trials involving the intra-uterine insemination of a total of 840 Coopworth ewes were conducted to assess the fertilization capacity of ram semen stored at 15 C. Semen from Polled Dorset rams was collected by artificial vagina, diluted with either a standard milk diluent or a synthetic diluent (RSD-1) to a concentration of 200x10 6 sperm/ml, cooled to 15 C, placed in 0.25 ml straws and held at 15 C for various periods [Day 0 (4h), Day 1 (28 h), Day 2 (52 h), Day 3 (76 h) and Day 4 (100 h)] before insemination. Ewes were synchronised, with CIDR devices inserted for 14 days and 400 i.u. PMSG was given at time of device removal. Laparoscopic assisted intra-uterine inseminations were performed between 52 h and 56 h after device withdrawal. A total of six inseminators were used throughout the trial series with between 3 to 5 inseminators per trial. Conception rates were determined by plasma progesterone levels at day 19 and pregnancy confirmed by real time ultrasonic scanning at day 50 post mating. There were significant differences between trials in the proportion of ewes treated that exhibited oestrus prior to insemination with lower percentages in the non-breeding season. There was considerable discrepancy between the two methods of pregnancy detection. A high proportion of the non-tupped ewes deemed pregnant by progesterone were not pregnant at scanning. There were no differences between trials in the proportion of ewes pregnant after insemination with Day 0 semen. There were no significant differences between the diluents at any particular time of storage however, the overall pregnancy rate was higher for the milk diluent (50.1\% v 45.0\%). There was a significant effect of storage time, with the mean overall values for storage periods of 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 days being 49.4 46.5, 40.3, 29.6 and 20.0\% respectively. Significant differences between inseminations were recorded ranging from 52.6\% to 35.0\%. The similarity in conception rates between diluents to different storage times is in marked contrast to the estimations of percentage motile sperm obtained with these treatments. This indicates that further modification of the diluent is necessary and that for this to be achieved more critical and quantitative measurements of sperm motility and function are required.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Watson TG and Hosking BC}
}
@conference {40495,
	title = {Repeatability estimates and selection flock effects for faecal nematode egg counts in Romney breeding ewes},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {53},
	year = {1993},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {227-230},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {The effect of melatonin (Regulin},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Morris CA and Watson TG and Baker RL and Hurford AP and Hosking BC}
}
@conference {40527,
	title = {Selection programmes for nematode resistant sheep in commercial flocks},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {53},
	year = {1993},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {359-362},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {An experiment was established at Waikeria, near Te Awamutu, to select for pubertal traits in Angus cattle, with selection first applied to the animals born in 1982. The aims of this paper are to report on genetic parameters for age at first oestrus (AFO) in heifers, weight at first oestrus (WFO) in heifers, scrotal circumference (SC), 13-month weight (W13) and calving day (CD), to compare the performance of young animals in the selection and control herds, and to assess prospects of achieving a correlated response in calving rate.  Three selection herds and a control were set up, with single selection objectives being SC, AGE+ and AGE-, where {\textquoteright}+{\textquoteright} and {\textquoteright}-{\textquoteright} indicate selection for greater or lesser AFO. Phenotypic coefficients of variation were 15\% for AFO, 11\% for WFO, 8\% for SC, and 8\% for W13. Corresponding heritability estimates from Waikeria were 0.15, 0.30, 0.24 and 0.33, compared with those from other New Zealand research herds which averaged 0.34, 0.37, 0.38 and 0.36 respectively. The genetic correlation estimate for AFO and SC was - 0.81},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Watson TG and Hosking BC and Johnson DL and Hurford AP}
}
@conference {40498,
	title = {Stability of invermectin resistance in a field strain of Ostergagia spp},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {53},
	year = {1993},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {239-242},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of time from CIDR withdrawal and ewe age on conception rates in a sheep artificial insemination programme. Four groups each of 50 Romney ewes (balanced for ewe age, two-tooths vs mixed age) were synchronised by intravaginal insertion of CIDRs for 11 days. Ewes in each group were inseminated at 36h, 42h, 48h or 54h respectively from CIDR withdrawal by cervical insemination using 200 million sperm per insemination of fresh semen. Conception was determined by measuring non-return rates using harnessed rams. Conception rates increased (P<0.10) with the interval between CIDR withdrawal and fixed time insemination thus: 36h, 37\%; 42h, 49\%; 48h, 59\%; and 54h, 60\%. Conception rates were greater in mixed age ewes (58\%) than in two tooth ewes (43\%) (P<0.05). There was no interaction between the effects of age and time of insemination relative to CIDR withdrawal. It is concluded that there may be advantages in extending the interval between CIDR withdrawal and insemination to 48 to 54 h as opposed to the current industry recommendations of 45 to 48 hours.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Watson TG and Hosking BC and McKee PF}
}
@conference {40379,
	title = {Breed variation in expression of faecal nematode egg count - A Brief Communication},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {52},
	year = {1992},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {69-72},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {Five two-tooth Coopworth ewes were used to monitor the effects  of changing caecal pH on magnesium (Mg) solubility and absorption pH  change was induced by infusion of volatile fatty acid (VFA) (0, 220,  440, 660, 880 mmol; ration 0.80:0.15:0.05 acetic:propionic:butyric in  2016 ml of deionised water) into the terminal ileum for 24 h.  Treatments were randomly applied to each animal using a latin square  design. During the infusion samples of blood and urine were taken at 4  h intervals and proximal colonic digesta at 4, 16 and 24 h. Apparent Mg  absorption from the large intestine was estimated from changes in plasma  Mg concentration and urinary Mg excretion. Sixteen hours after the  commencement of infusion digesta pH decreased and Mg solubility  increased. For example, with the 880 mmol infusion digesta pH had  decreased by 2.1 },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Watson TG and Hosking BC and Hurford AP}
}
@conference {40377,
	title = {Developments in breeding Perendale sheep for resistance or susceptibility to internal nematode parasites},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {52},
	year = {1992},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {61-64},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {The liveweight gain, carrying capacity and total animal  production from different pastures grazed by year old angora type wether  goats were assessed during the spring, summer and autumn of two years.  {\textquoteright}Grasslands Nui{\textquoteright} perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) was sown  with {\textquoteright}Grasslands Tahora{\textquoteright} white clover (Trifolium repens L.),  {\textquoteright}Grasslands Pawera{\textquoteright} red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), or  {\textquoteright}Grasslands Maku{\textquoteright} lotus (Lotus pendunculatus Cav.) in December  1988 and measurements began in September 1989. Goat liveweight gain in  spring was similar on all treatments averaging 130g/hd/day. Summer  liveweight gain on red clover was 76g/hd/day, greater than the average  of 56g/hd/day for white clover and lotus pastures. Autumn liveweight  gains were not significantly different averaging 44g/hd/day. Carrying  capacity was lowest on lotus pastures in all seasons. White clover  pastures had the highest carrying capacity in all seasons though only  significantly greater than red clover in autumn. No differences in  total animal production per hectare were found in spring. Red clover,  however, had 45\% more animal production in summer than white clover or  lotus pastures. This increased production was attributed to a greater  consumption of legume due to both the dominance of red clover in the  upper sward horizons and an active selection of red clover by the goats.  },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Watson TG and Hosking BC and Hurford AP and Mather BC}
}
@conference {40164,
	title = {Observations on resistance and {\textquoteright}self-cure{\textquoteright} to nematode parasites exhibited by grazing lambs and Saanen kids},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {49},
	year = {1989},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {179-182},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {The effects of selecting for reduced leaf shear strength in perennial ryegrass on voluntary intake, digestibility and rumen outflow in sheep were studied. Two perennial ryegrass cultivars, selected on the basis of leaf shear strength (LS and HS) were fed to Romney wethers in May and October 1988 indoors for 2 weeks to measure voluntary intakes. Higher daily intakes of LS than HS (102 gDM/kg0.75 v 86 gDM/kg0.75) were recorded in October, but no significant differences were observed in May, apparently as a result of high amounts of dead matter in the herbage. Eight rumen fistulated wethers were fed either LS or HS cultivars in May. Cr-EDTA-Ru-phenanthroline marker solution was infused for 6 days to measure rumen outflow and total faecal collection was made for digestibility determination in May. Total faecal collection was also made in October following the measurement of voluntary intake. In both experimental periods eating behaviour was also recorded. Low digestibilities were observed in May with no significant differences between LS and HS (65\% v 67\%), but in October high digestibility of HS than LS was observed (76\% v 73\%), and also longer rumination times for sheep fed HS than LS were recorded in October (542 min/kg/DM/day v 426 min/kgDM/day). The rate of DM disappearance of herbages containing low amount of dead matter (8\%) when suspended in the rumen of cows, was significantly greater for LS than HS. Further investigations with good quality pasture with low dead matter are suggested.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Watson TG and Hosking BC}
}
@conference {40112,
	title = {Effectiveness of drenching Saanen milking does},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {48},
	year = {1988},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {163-170},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {The trial reported in this paper was undertaken to determine the potential of using multivariate analyses of blood metabolites to indirectly select for fleece weight. Blood samples from 41 Corriedale rams were analysed for 14 metabolites. A canonical discriminant function of creatinine, urea, magnesium and copper correctly classified 90\% of the cull sheep (on the basis of greasy fleece weight). While limitations to the interpretation of this trial are acknowledged, further work appears warranted, as the cost of analysing the blood metabolites is substantially cheaper than other proposed methods such as gene probes, or electrophoresis protein patterns to select for fleece weight at an early age.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Watson TG and Hosking BC}
}
