@article {3672,
	title = {BRIEF COMMUNICATION: A case study of the effects of diet and winter management on dairy production, profit and nitrate leaching in Rotorua},
	journal = {New Zealand Journal of Animal Science and Production},
	volume = {79},
	year = {2019},
	month = {07/2019},
	pages = {71-73},
	address = {Palmerston North},
	abstract = {Feed and winter management options were modelled for a dairy farm and its adjoining support land in the Lake Rotorua catchment. The dairy farm grew turnips, fodder beet and oats, with non-lactating cows grazing on the dry-stock unit on pasture, kale and fodder beet. Scenarios investigated were: removing crops from the dairy farm whilst either A) reducing stocking rates by 5\%; B) feeding additional palm kernel expeller (PKE); C) replacing crops, PKE and pasture silage with purchased maize grain and maize silage; or D) grazing non-lactating cows on the dairy farm and reducing stocking rates by 17\%. Using a milk price of $6.00/kg MS, D was the only scenario that increased profitability of the dairy farm (7\%). Compared to the base scenario, nitrate leaching on the dairy farm increased for scenario D and decreased for scenarios A, B and C. When including the dry-stock unit, total N leaching was reduced by 5, 0, 13 and 15\%, for A, B, C and D, respectively, compared to the base farm. These results reiterate the importance of investigating the impact of off-farm winter grazing in nitrogen-sensitive catchments.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Burggraaf VT and Rennie GR and Edwards P and Pinxterhuis I}
}
