@conference {40372,
	title = {A comparison between subjective and objective (carcass weight plus GR or the Hennessy Grading Probe) methods for classifying lamb carcasses},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {52},
	year = {1992},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {41-44},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {Stress research in farm animals is becoming increasingly  important as a result of public concern for the welfare of animals and  the ongoing need to increase the efficiency of animal production.  Changes in the behaviour of animals is often the first indicator that a  particular farming practice may be aversive or stressful. For example,  cattle housed indoors on concrete floors have fewer resting bouts than  those on deep litter or at pasture. Subsequent measurement of a variety  of physiological parameters confirmed that lying down on slatted floors  is stressful. Changes were noted in the episodic secretory pattern of  glucocorticosterioid hormone, in the cortisol response to challenge with  a standard dose of ACTH (1-24) and in heart rate.   Ongoing studies with dairy cattle indicate that the frequencies and  types of fly-avoidance behaviours utilised by animals without tails  differ from those with tails. In addition, animals without tails have a  higher number of flies on the body. Physiological parameters will be  monitored to determine if the decreased ability of cattle without tails  to remove flies results in altered physiological responses indicative of  stress.   These studies show that a multi-disciplinary approach is required to  quantify the relative stressfulness of various farming practices.  },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Kirton AH and Mercer GJK and Duganzich DM}
}
